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Ideas
have their intellectual climates, and I propose to show briefly in
this Introduction that the intellectual climates of classical
antiquity and the ensuing ages were not propitious to the birth of
the doctrine of Progress. It is not till the sixteenth century that
the obstacles to its appearance definitely begin to be transcended
and a favourable atmosphere to be gradually prepared.
[Footnote: The history of the idea of Progress has been treated
briefly and partially by various French writers; e.g. Comte, Cours
de philosophie positive, vi. 321 sqq.; Buchez, Introduction a la
science de l'histoire, i. 99 sqq. (ed. 2, 1842); Javary, De l'idee
de progres (1850); Rigault, Histoire de la querelle des Anciens et
des Modernes (1856); Bouillier, Histoire de la philosophie
cartesienne (1854); Caro, Problemes de la morale sociale (1876);
Brunetiere, La Formation de l'idee de progres, in Etudes critiques,
5e serie. More recently M. Jules Delvaille has attempted to trace
its history fully, down to the end of the eighteenth century.


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